diff --git a/.claude/settings.local.json b/.claude/settings.local.json
index 29bb0e0..b0abcb0 100644
--- a/.claude/settings.local.json
+++ b/.claude/settings.local.json
@@ -37,7 +37,9 @@
       "Bash(mkdir:*)",
       "Write(*)",
       "Edit(*)",
-      "MultiEdit(*)"
+      "MultiEdit(*)",
+      "Bash(docker cp backend/app/api/endpoints/portfolio.py autostock-backend:/app/app/api/endpoints/portfolio.py)",
+      "Bash(make batch-test)"
     ]
   },
   "enableAllProjectMcpServers": true,
diff --git a/CLAUDE.md b/CLAUDE.md
index 820066a..690f8ed 100644
--- a/CLAUDE.md
+++ b/CLAUDE.md
@@ -93,13 +93,13 @@
 - **횡보장 (SIDEWAYS)**: ADX < 20 OR 기울기 ≈ 0. **(이 국면에서는 모든 진입 신호를 무시합니다)**
 
 ### 6.2 진입 조건
-- **상승장**: RSI(14) < 25, 가격이 볼린저 밴드(BB) 하단 부근 (-3% ~ +1.5%), 거래량 > 20일 평균 거래량(20MA).
+- **상승장**: RSI(14) < 40, 가격이 볼린저 밴드(BB) 하단 부근 (-3% ~ +1.5%), 거래량 > 20일 평균 거래량(20MA).
 - **하락장**: RSI(14) < 30, 가격 < 볼린저 밴드 하단, 거래량 > 1.5배 * 20MA, 반전 캔들(Reversal candle) 필수.
 - **선제 진입 (Pre-emptive)**: 일봉 RSI < 40 AND 60분봉 RSI < 30 AND 5일 이동평균선(MA5) 상향 돌파.
 
 ### 6.3 청산 조건
-- **부분 매도**: RSI > 50 OR 가격 > 볼린저 밴드 중앙선 OR 수익 > 2*ATR.
-- **전량 매도**: RSI > 65 OR 가격 > 볼린저 밴드 상단 (99%) OR 트레일링 스탑 도달.
+- **부분 매도**: RSI >= 50 OR 가격 > 볼린저 밴드 중앙선 OR 수익 > 2*ATR.
+- **전량 매도**: RSI >= 65 OR 가격 > 볼린저 밴드 상단 (99%) OR 트레일링 스탑 도달.
 
 ---
 
diff --git a/backend/app/api/endpoints/portfolio.py b/backend/app/api/endpoints/portfolio.py
index ec0b433..073611a 100644
--- a/backend/app/api/endpoints/portfolio.py
+++ b/backend/app/api/endpoints/portfolio.py
@@ -410,7 +410,19 @@ async def sync_portfolio(db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db), force: bool = True)
             
             # 최신 상태가 'SELL'인 종목 식별
             ghost_candidates = {code for code, status in stock_status_map.items() if status == "SELL"}
-            
+
+            # 부분 매도 보정: KIS 잔고에서 여전히 수량이 있는 종목은 ghost에서 제외
+            if ghost_candidates and "output1" in balance_data:
+                still_holding = {
+                    item.get("pdno")
+                    for item in balance_data["output1"]
+                    if int(item.get("hldg_qty", 0)) > 0
+                }
+                partial_sell_excluded = ghost_candidates & still_holding
+                if partial_sell_excluded:
+                    logger.info(f"↩️ 부분매도 종목은 ghost 제외 (잔고 있음): {partial_sell_excluded}")
+                ghost_candidates -= still_holding
+
             if ghost_candidates:
                 logger.info(f"🚫 Ghost Stock Candidates (Last action today is SELL): {ghost_candidates}")
 
diff --git a/backend/app/core/config.py b/backend/app/core/config.py
index fb70872..0c49047 100644
--- a/backend/app/core/config.py
+++ b/backend/app/core/config.py
@@ -61,6 +61,10 @@ class Settings(BaseSettings):
     KIS_ACCOUNT_NO: str = ""
     KIS_BASE_URL: str = ""
 
+    # KRX OpenAPI (data-dbg.krx.co.kr)
+    KRX_API_KEY: str = ""
+    KRX_API_URL: str = "https://openapi.krx.co.kr"  # 포털 URL (참고용)
+
     # WebSocket 접속키 (수동 지정 시 우선, 비어 있으면 자동 발급)
     KIS_WS_APPROVAL_KEY: str = ""
 
@@ -193,6 +197,10 @@ class Settings(BaseSettings):
     BEAR_MARKET_MAX_TRADES: int = 3
     BEAR_MARKET_POSITION_RATIO: float = 0.5
 
+    # 비상 정지 (전쟁/사이드카 등 급락 이벤트 대응)
+    TRADING_HALTED: bool = False          # .env에서 TRADING_HALTED=true 로 즉시 전체 매수 중단
+    MARKET_CRASH_HALT_PCT: float = -3.0  # 지수 당일 -3% 이상 급락 시 자동 매수 차단
+
     # 데이트레이딩 설정 (CLAUDE.md 섹션 8.2)
     DAY_TRADE_ENABLED: bool = True            # 데이트레이딩 활성화
     DAY_TRADE_MAX_POSITIONS: int = 3          # 동시 최대 종목 수
diff --git a/backend/app/services/korea_investment_api.py b/backend/app/services/korea_investment_api.py
index 7a93f39..b6aea07 100644
--- a/backend/app/services/korea_investment_api.py
+++ b/backend/app/services/korea_investment_api.py
@@ -511,6 +511,76 @@ class KoreaInvestmentAPI:
             logger.error(f"Error fetching paginated chart for {stock_code}: {e}")
             raise
 
+    async def get_daily_ohlcv_range(
+        self, stock_code: str, start_date: str, end_date: str
+    ) -> list:
+        """날짜 범위 일봉 OHLCV 전체 조회 (FHKST03010100)
+
+        KIS API는 1회 최대 100행 반환 → 날짜를 소급하며 start_date까지 전부 수집.
+
+        Args:
+            stock_code: 종목코드 (예: "005930")
+            start_date: 조회 시작일 YYYYMMDD
+            end_date:   조회 종료일 YYYYMMDD
+
+        Returns:
+            [{"stck_bsop_date": "20240101", "stck_oprc": ..., "stck_hgpr": ...,
+              "stck_lwpr": ..., "stck_clpr": ..., "acml_vol": ..., "prdy_ctrt": ...}, ...]
+            최신 → 오래된 순 정렬 (KIS API 기본값)
+        """
+        all_data: list = []
+        current_end = end_date
+
+        while True:
+            params = {
+                "FID_COND_MRKT_DIV_CODE": "J",
+                "FID_INPUT_ISCD": stock_code,
+                "FID_INPUT_DATE_1": start_date,
+                "FID_INPUT_DATE_2": current_end,
+                "FID_PERIOD_DIV_CODE": "D",
+                "FID_ORG_ADJ_PRC": "0",  # 수정주가
+            }
+            try:
+                result, _ = await self._make_request(
+                    "GET",
+                    "/uapi/domestic-stock/v1/quotations/inquire-daily-itemchartprice",
+                    "FHKST03010100",
+                    params=params,
+                )
+            except Exception as exc:
+                logger.error(
+                    "get_daily_ohlcv_range %s %s~%s 실패: %s",
+                    stock_code, start_date, current_end, exc,
+                )
+                break
+
+            if not result or result.get("rt_cd") != "0":
+                logger.warning(
+                    "get_daily_ohlcv_range %s: %s",
+                    stock_code, result.get("msg1") if result else "no response",
+                )
+                break
+
+            output = result.get("output2") or []
+            if not output:
+                break
+
+            all_data.extend(output)
+
+            # 가장 오래된 행의 날짜를 확인하고 그보다 하루 전으로 소급
+            oldest_date = output[-1].get("stck_bsop_date", "")
+            if not oldest_date or oldest_date <= start_date:
+                break
+
+            oldest_dt = datetime.strptime(oldest_date, "%Y%m%d")
+            current_end = (oldest_dt - timedelta(days=1)).strftime("%Y%m%d")
+            if current_end < start_date:
+                break
+
+            await asyncio.sleep(self.min_request_interval)
+
+        return all_data
+
     async def get_overseas_price(self, symbol: str, exchange_code: str = "NASD") -> Dict[str, Any]:
         """해외주식 현재가 조회 (NASD, NYSE, AMEX)"""
         try:
@@ -975,7 +1045,7 @@ class KoreaInvestmentAPI:
                     "FID_BLNG_CLS_CODE": "0",
                     "FID_TRGT_CLS_CODE": "111111111",
                     "FID_TRGT_EXLS_CLS_CODE": "000000",
-                    "FID_INPUT_PRICE_1": "",
+                    "FID_INPUT_PRICE_1": "5000",  # 5,000원 이상 종목만 조회
                     "FID_INPUT_PRICE_2": "",
                     "FID_VOL_CNT": "",
                     "FID_INPUT_DATE_1": ""
@@ -1032,3 +1102,10 @@ class KoreaInvestmentAPI:
 
 # 싱글톤 인스턴스
 korea_investment_api = KoreaInvestmentAPI()
+
+# 실계좌 시세조회 전용 싱글톤 (KIS_REAL_APP_KEY 설정 시 초기화)
+# 모의투자 모드에서도 시세/차트/종목 조회는 실계좌 API를 사용한다.
+try:
+    real_market_api = KoreaInvestmentAPI.for_real_market_data()
+except Exception:
+    real_market_api = None
diff --git a/backend/app/services/market_analyzer.py b/backend/app/services/market_analyzer.py
index f107727..ef8532f 100644
--- a/backend/app/services/market_analyzer.py
+++ b/backend/app/services/market_analyzer.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ from pydantic import BaseModel
 
 from app.core.config import settings
 from app.core.market_schedule import is_market_open
-from app.services.korea_investment_api import korea_investment_api
+from app.services.korea_investment_api import korea_investment_api, real_market_api as _real_market_api
 from app.services.mean_reversion_strategy import (
     MarketRegime, detect_market_regime, calculate_atr, calculate_adx
 )
@@ -77,7 +77,8 @@ async def check_market_regime() -> dict:
         if _market_regime_cache["result"] is not None and (now_ts - _market_regime_cache["ts"]) < _MARKET_REGIME_CACHE_TTL:
             return _market_regime_cache["result"]
 
-        kospi_chart = await korea_investment_api.get_daily_chart("069500", "D", limit=240)
+        _api = _real_market_api or korea_investment_api
+        kospi_chart = await _api.get_daily_chart("069500", "D", limit=240)
 
         if "output2" not in kospi_chart or not kospi_chart["output2"]:
             return {"regime": "neutral", "message": "시장 지수 확인 불가", "position_multiplier": 0.5}
@@ -88,6 +89,22 @@ async def check_market_regime() -> dict:
         if len(closes) < 60:
             return {"regime": "neutral", "message": "데이터 부족", "position_multiplier": 0.5}
 
+        def _cache_and_return(result: dict) -> dict:
+            _market_regime_cache["result"] = result
+            _market_regime_cache["ts"] = time.monotonic()
+            return result
+
+        # ── 수동 비상 정지 ────────────────────────────────────────────
+        if settings.TRADING_HALTED:
+            return _cache_and_return({
+                "regime": "halted",
+                "regime_200d": "bear",
+                "message": "⛔ TRADING_HALTED=true — 수동 비상 정지 중 (매수 전면 차단)",
+                "position_multiplier": 0.0,
+                "min_score": 9999,
+                "max_trades": 0,
+            })
+
         current_price = closes[0]
         ma20 = sum(closes[:20]) / 20
         ma60 = sum(closes[:60]) / 60
@@ -100,6 +117,23 @@ async def check_market_regime() -> dict:
             is_bull_200 = current_price > ma20
             ma200 = ma60
 
+        # ── 당일 급락 감지 (사이드카/전쟁 등) ───────────────────────
+        # closes[0]이 오늘 데이터일 때만 적용 (일봉 미확정 시 전일 종가가 closes[0]이 되어 오탐 발생)
+        latest_date = chart_data[0].get("stck_bsop_date", "") if chart_data else ""
+        today_str = _get_kst_now().strftime("%Y%m%d")
+        if latest_date == today_str and len(closes) >= 2 and closes[1] > 0:
+            today_change_pct = (closes[0] - closes[1]) / closes[1] * 100
+            if today_change_pct <= settings.MARKET_CRASH_HALT_PCT:
+                return _cache_and_return({
+                    "regime": "crash",
+                    "regime_200d": "bear",
+                    "message": f"🚨 당일 급락 감지 ({today_change_pct:.1f}% ≤ {settings.MARKET_CRASH_HALT_PCT}%) — 매수 전면 차단",
+                    "position_multiplier": 0.0,
+                    "min_score": 9999,
+                    "max_trades": 0,
+                    "today_change_pct": round(today_change_pct, 2),
+                })
+
         consecutive_down = 0
         for i in range(len(closes) - 1):
             if closes[i] < closes[i + 1]:
@@ -109,11 +143,6 @@ async def check_market_regime() -> dict:
 
         drop_from_ma20 = ((current_price - ma20) / ma20) * 100
 
-        def _cache_and_return(result: dict) -> dict:
-            _market_regime_cache["result"] = result
-            _market_regime_cache["ts"] = time.monotonic()
-            return result
-
         if current_price < ma60 or consecutive_down >= 5:
             return _cache_and_return({
                 "regime": "strong_bearish",
@@ -153,274 +182,318 @@ async def check_market_regime() -> dict:
         return {"regime": "neutral", "message": "시장 지수 확인 실패", "position_multiplier": 0.5}
 
 
-async def analyze_stock(stock_code: str, stock_name: str, criteria: RecommendationCriteria) -> Optional[StockRecommendation]:
+def _analyze_chart_items(
+    chart_data: List[dict],
+    stock_code: str,
+    stock_name: str,
+    criteria: "RecommendationCriteria",
+) -> Optional[StockRecommendation]:
+    """KIS 형식 chart_data (oldest first)로 기술적 분석 수행 — API 호출 없음.
+
+    analyze_stock / analyze_stock_for_batch_db 양쪽에서 공유하는 순수 분석 로직.
+    """
+    latest = chart_data[-1] if chart_data else None
+    if not latest:
+        return None
+
+    if not stock_name:
+        stock_name = latest.get("hts_kor_isnm", stock_code)
+
+    current_price = float(latest.get("stck_clpr", 0))
+    price_date = latest.get("stck_bsop_date", "")
+    volume = int(latest.get("acml_vol", 0) or 0)
+    if current_price == 0:
+        logger.debug("필터[가격0] %s", stock_code)
+        return None
+
+    # 가격 필터: 5,000원 미만 종목 제외 (CLAUDE.md 섹션 5.4)
+    if current_price < settings.MIN_PRICE_KRW:
+        logger.info("필터[저가] %s: %.0f원 < %d원", stock_code, current_price, settings.MIN_PRICE_KRW)
+        return None
+
+    # 전일 거래량 필터: 100만주 미만 종목 제외 (유동성 부족)
+    if volume < 1_000_000:
+        logger.info("필터[거래량] %s: %d주 < 100만주", stock_code, volume)
+        return None
+
+    if len(chart_data) >= 2:
+        prev_price = float(chart_data[-2].get("stck_clpr", current_price))
+        change_rate = ((current_price - prev_price) / prev_price) * 100 if prev_price > 0 else 0
+    else:
+        change_rate = 0
+
+    closes = [float(item.get("stck_clpr", 0)) for item in chart_data]
+    volumes = [int(item.get("acml_vol", 0)) for item in chart_data]
+
+    ma5 = sum(closes[-5:]) / 5 if len(closes) >= 5 else None
+    ma20 = sum(closes[-20:]) / 20 if len(closes) >= 20 else None
+    ma60 = sum(closes[-60:]) / 60 if len(closes) >= 60 else None
+
+    avg_vol_20 = sum(volumes[-20:]) / 20 if len(volumes) >= 20 else 0
+    volume_ratio = (volume / avg_vol_20) if avg_vol_20 > 0 else 0
+
+    if not criteria.for_batch and avg_vol_20 < 50000 and current_price < 50000:
+        return None
+
+    disparity = (current_price / ma20) * 100 if ma20 else 100
+
+    trend_ok = None
+    if TREND_FILTER_ENABLED:
+        trend_ok = _passes_uptrend(closes, TREND_MA_SHORT, TREND_MA_LONG)
+
+    rsi = None
+    if len(closes) >= 15:
+        prices_for_rsi = closes[-15:]
+        gains = []
+        losses = []
+        for i in range(1, len(prices_for_rsi)):
+            diff = prices_for_rsi[i] - prices_for_rsi[i-1]
+            gains.append(max(diff, 0))
+            losses.append(max(-diff, 0))
+        avg_gain = sum(gains[-14:]) / 14
+        avg_loss = sum(losses[-14:]) / 14
+        if avg_loss == 0:
+            rsi = 100.0
+        else:
+            rs = avg_gain / avg_loss
+            rsi = 100 - (100 / (1 + rs))
+
+    stochastic_k = None
+    stochastic_d = None
+    if len(chart_data) >= 14:
+        recent = chart_data[-14:]
+        highs = [float(item.get("stck_hgpr", 0)) for item in recent]
+        lows = [float(item.get("stck_lwpr", 0)) for item in recent]
+        closes_for_stoch = [float(item.get("stck_clpr", 0)) for item in recent]
+        highest_high = max(highs)
+        lowest_low = min(lows)
+        if highest_high != lowest_low:
+            stochastic_k = ((closes_for_stoch[-1] - lowest_low) / (highest_high - lowest_low)) * 100
+            stochastic_d_vals = []
+            for j in range(len(recent)-3, len(recent)):
+                slice_high = max([float(item.get("stck_hgpr", 0)) for item in recent[j-3 if j-3>=0 else 0:j+1]])
+                slice_low = min([float(item.get("stck_lwpr", 0)) for item in recent[j-3 if j-3>=0 else 0:j+1]])
+                if slice_high != slice_low:
+                    stochastic_d_vals.append(((float(recent[j].get("stck_clpr", 0)) - slice_low) / (slice_high - slice_low)) * 100)
+            if stochastic_d_vals:
+                stochastic_d = sum(stochastic_d_vals) / len(stochastic_d_vals)
+
+    bollinger_upper = bollinger_lower = bollinger_middle = None
+    if len(closes) >= 20:
+        window = closes[-20:]
+        middle = sum(window) / len(window)
+        variance = sum((p - middle) ** 2 for p in window) / len(window)
+        stddev = variance ** 0.5
+        bollinger_middle = middle
+        bollinger_upper = middle + 2 * stddev
+        bollinger_lower = middle - 2 * stddev
+
+    signals = []
+    score = 0
+
+    if disparity > criteria.max_disparity:
+        score -= 5
+        signals.append(f"이격도 과열({disparity:.1f}% > {criteria.max_disparity}%) - 매수금지")
+
+    if criteria.use_overheat_filter and OVERHEAT_FILTER_ENABLED:
+        overheat = analyze_overheat(closes, ma20)
+        if overheat["blocked"]:
+            score -= 10
+            signals.append(overheat["reason"])
+
+    if criteria.use_volatility_breakout:
+        vb_result = analyze_volatility_breakout(chart_data)
+        if vb_result and vb_result["signal"] == "buy":
+            signals.append(vb_result["description"])
+            score += 4
+
+    custom_result = analyze_custom_signals(chart_data)
+    if custom_result:
+        if custom_result["signal"] == "buy":
+            signals.append(custom_result["description"])
+            score += 3
+        elif custom_result["signal"] == "sell":
+            signals.append(custom_result["description"])
+            score -= 2
+        elif custom_result["signal"] == "exit":
+            signals.append(custom_result["description"])
+            score -= 5
+        elif custom_result["signal"] == "take_profit":
+            signals.append(custom_result["description"])
+            score += 2
+
+    if criteria.use_macd:
+        result = analyze_macd(chart_data)
+        if result["signal"] == "buy":
+            signals.append(result["description"])
+            score += 2
+
+    if criteria.use_rsi:
+        result = analyze_rsi(chart_data)
+        if result["signal"] == "buy":
+            if volume_ratio >= 1.2:
+                signals.append(result["description"] + " + 거래량증가")
+                score += 3
+            else:
+                signals.append(result["description"] + " (거래량부족)")
+                score += 1
+
+    if criteria.use_bollinger:
+        result = analyze_bollinger(chart_data)
+        if result["signal"] == "buy":
+            signals.append(result["description"])
+            score += 1
+
+    if criteria.use_moving_average:
+        result = analyze_moving_average(chart_data)
+        if result["signal"] == "buy":
+            signals.append(result["description"])
+            score += 2
+
+    if criteria.use_stochastic:
+        result = analyze_stochastic(chart_data)
+        if result["signal"] == "buy":
+            signals.append(result["description"])
+            score += 1
+
+    if criteria.use_adx:
+        result = analyze_adx(chart_data)
+        if result["signal"] == "buy":
+            signals.append(result["description"])
+            score += 1
+
+    if criteria.use_obv:
+        result = analyze_obv(chart_data)
+        if result["signal"] == "buy":
+            signals.append(result["description"])
+            score += 1
+
+    if volume_ratio >= 1.5 and change_rate > 0:
+        signals.append(f"거래량 실린 상승 ({volume_ratio:.1f}배)")
+        score += 3
+    elif volume_ratio < 0.8:
+        score -= 1
+
+    if TREND_FILTER_ENABLED and trend_ok is not None:
+        if trend_ok:
+            signals.append(f"추세상승(>{TREND_MA_SHORT}MA & {TREND_MA_SHORT}MA>{TREND_MA_LONG}MA, tol={int(TREND_TOLERANCE_PCT*10000)/100:.2f}%)")
+            score += 1
+        else:
+            signals.append(f"추세약함({TREND_MA_SHORT}MA≤{TREND_MA_LONG}MA 또는 종가≤{TREND_MA_SHORT}MA)")
+
+    if criteria.min_volume_ratio > 0 and volume_ratio < criteria.min_volume_ratio:
+        return None
+
+    ml_score_val = None
+    ml_confidence_val = None
+    ml_signal_val = None
+
+    if settings.ML_ENSEMBLE_ENABLED:
+        try:
+            from app.services.ml_ensemble import get_ensemble
+            ensemble = get_ensemble()
+            if ensemble.is_trained:
+                ml_result = ensemble.predict(chart_data)
+                if "error" not in ml_result:
+                    ml_score_val = ml_result["ensemble_score"]
+                    ml_confidence_val = ml_result["confidence"]
+                    ml_signal_val = ml_result["signal"]
+
+                    rule_score_normalized = (score / 15.0) * 100.0
+                    combined_score = int(
+                        rule_score_normalized * settings.ML_ENSEMBLE_RULE_WEIGHT +
+                        ml_score_val * settings.ML_ENSEMBLE_ML_WEIGHT
+                    )
+                    score = max(0, int(combined_score / 100.0 * 15.0))
+
+                    signals.append(f"ML앙상블: {ml_signal_val}({ml_score_val}점, 신뢰도{ml_confidence_val:.0%})")
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+    atr_14_val = None
+    adx_14_val = None
     try:
-        chart_response = await korea_investment_api.get_daily_chart(stock_code, "D")
+        if len(chart_data) >= 15:
+            _h = [float(d.get("stck_hgpr", 0)) for d in chart_data]
+            _l = [float(d.get("stck_lwpr", 0)) for d in chart_data]
+            _c = [float(d.get("stck_clpr", 0)) for d in chart_data]
+            atr_14_val = calculate_atr(_h, _l, _c)
+            if len(chart_data) >= 29:
+                adx_14_val = calculate_adx(_h, _l, _c)
+    except Exception as _e:
+        logger.debug(f"ATR/ADX 계산 실패 {stock_code}: {_e}")
+
+    if criteria.for_batch or len(signals) > 0 or score > 0:
+        final_score = max(1, score) if len(signals) > 0 else score
+        return StockRecommendation(
+            stock_code=stock_code,
+            stock_name=stock_name,
+            current_price=current_price,
+            change_rate=change_rate,
+            signals=signals if signals else ["조건 분석 중"],
+            score=final_score,
+            price_date=price_date,
+            volume=volume,
+            rsi=rsi,
+            ma5=ma5,
+            ma20=ma20,
+            ma60=ma60,
+            stochastic_k=stochastic_k,
+            stochastic_d=stochastic_d,
+            bollinger_upper=bollinger_upper,
+            bollinger_lower=bollinger_lower,
+            bollinger_middle=bollinger_middle,
+            ml_score=ml_score_val,
+            ml_confidence=ml_confidence_val,
+            ml_signal=ml_signal_val,
+            atr_14=atr_14_val,
+            adx_14=adx_14_val,
+        )
+
+    return None
+
+
+async def analyze_stock(stock_code: str, stock_name: str, criteria: RecommendationCriteria) -> Optional[StockRecommendation]:
+    """KIS API로 차트를 조회한 뒤 _analyze_chart_items에 위임."""
+    try:
+        _api = _real_market_api or korea_investment_api
+        chart_response = await _api.get_daily_chart(stock_code, "D")
         if "output2" not in chart_response or not chart_response["output2"]:
             return None
-
         chart_data = list(reversed(chart_response["output2"]))
-        latest = chart_data[-1] if chart_data else None
-        if not latest:
-            return None
-        
-        if not stock_name:
-            stock_name = latest.get("hts_kor_isnm", stock_code)
-            
-        current_price = float(latest.get("stck_clpr", 0))
-        price_date = latest.get("stck_bsop_date", "")
-        volume = int(latest.get("acml_vol", 0) or 0)
-        if current_price == 0:
-            return None
-
-        # 가격 필터: 5,000원 미만 종목 제외 (CLAUDE.md 섹션 5.4)
-        if current_price < settings.MIN_PRICE_KRW:
-            return None
-
-        # 전일 거래량 필터: 100만주 미만 종목 제외 (유동성 부족)
-        if volume < 1_000_000:
-            return None
-
-        if len(chart_data) >= 2:
-            prev_price = float(chart_data[-2].get("stck_clpr", current_price))
-            change_rate = ((current_price - prev_price) / prev_price) * 100 if prev_price > 0 else 0
-        else:
-            change_rate = 0
-
-        closes = [float(item.get("stck_clpr", 0)) for item in chart_data]
-        volumes = [int(item.get("acml_vol", 0)) for item in chart_data]
-        
-        ma5 = sum(closes[-5:]) / 5 if len(closes) >= 5 else None
-        ma20 = sum(closes[-20:]) / 20 if len(closes) >= 20 else None
-        ma60 = sum(closes[-60:]) / 60 if len(closes) >= 60 else None
-
-        avg_vol_20 = sum(volumes[-20:]) / 20 if len(volumes) >= 20 else 0
-        volume_ratio = (volume / avg_vol_20) if avg_vol_20 > 0 else 0
-        
-        if not criteria.for_batch and avg_vol_20 < 50000 and current_price < 50000:
-            return None
-        
-        disparity = (current_price / ma20) * 100 if ma20 else 100
-        
-        trend_ok = None
-        if TREND_FILTER_ENABLED:
-            trend_ok = _passes_uptrend(closes, TREND_MA_SHORT, TREND_MA_LONG)
-
-        rsi = None
-        if len(closes) >= 15:
-            prices_for_rsi = closes[-15:]
-            gains = []
-            losses = []
-            for i in range(1, len(prices_for_rsi)):
-                diff = prices_for_rsi[i] - prices_for_rsi[i-1]
-                gains.append(max(diff, 0))
-                losses.append(max(-diff, 0))
-            avg_gain = sum(gains[-14:]) / 14
-            avg_loss = sum(losses[-14:]) / 14
-            if avg_loss == 0:
-                rsi = 100.0
-            else:
-                rs = avg_gain / avg_loss
-                rsi = 100 - (100 / (1 + rs))
-
-        stochastic_k = None
-        stochastic_d = None
-        if len(chart_data) >= 14:
-            recent = chart_data[-14:]
-            highs = [float(item.get("stck_hgpr", 0)) for item in recent]
-            lows = [float(item.get("stck_lwpr", 0)) for item in recent]
-            closes_for_stoch = [float(item.get("stck_clpr", 0)) for item in recent]
-            highest_high = max(highs)
-            lowest_low = min(lows)
-            if highest_high != lowest_low:
-                stochastic_k = ((closes_for_stoch[-1] - lowest_low) / (highest_high - lowest_low)) * 100
-                stochastic_d_vals = []
-                for j in range(len(recent)-3, len(recent)):
-                    slice_high = max([float(item.get("stck_hgpr", 0)) for item in recent[j-3 if j-3>=0 else 0:j+1]])
-                    slice_low = min([float(item.get("stck_lwpr", 0)) for item in recent[j-3 if j-3>=0 else 0:j+1]])
-                    if slice_high != slice_low:
-                        stochastic_d_vals.append(((float(recent[j].get("stck_clpr", 0)) - slice_low) / (slice_high - slice_low)) * 100)
-                if stochastic_d_vals:
-                    stochastic_d = sum(stochastic_d_vals) / len(stochastic_d_vals)
-
-        bollinger_upper = bollinger_lower = bollinger_middle = None
-        if len(closes) >= 20:
-            window = closes[-20:]
-            middle = sum(window) / len(window)
-            variance = sum((p - middle) ** 2 for p in window) / len(window)
-            stddev = variance ** 0.5
-            bollinger_middle = middle
-            bollinger_upper = middle + 2 * stddev
-            bollinger_lower = middle - 2 * stddev
-
-        signals = []
-        score = 0
-        
-        if disparity > criteria.max_disparity:
-            score -= 5
-            signals.append(f"이격도 과열({disparity:.1f}% > {criteria.max_disparity}%) - 매수금지")
-
-        if criteria.use_overheat_filter and OVERHEAT_FILTER_ENABLED:
-            overheat = analyze_overheat(closes, ma20)
-            if overheat["blocked"]:
-                score -= 10
-                signals.append(overheat["reason"])
-
-        if criteria.use_volatility_breakout:
-            vb_result = analyze_volatility_breakout(chart_data)
-            if vb_result and vb_result["signal"] == "buy":
-                signals.append(vb_result["description"])
-                score += 4
-        
-        custom_result = analyze_custom_signals(chart_data)
-        if custom_result:
-            if custom_result["signal"] == "buy":
-                signals.append(custom_result["description"])
-                score += 3
-            elif custom_result["signal"] == "sell":
-                signals.append(custom_result["description"])
-                score -= 2
-            elif custom_result["signal"] == "exit":
-                signals.append(custom_result["description"])
-                score -= 5
-            elif custom_result["signal"] == "take_profit":
-                signals.append(custom_result["description"])
-                score += 2
-        
-        if criteria.use_macd:
-            result = analyze_macd(chart_data)
-            if result["signal"] == "buy":
-                signals.append(result["description"])
-                score += 2
-        
-        if criteria.use_rsi:
-            result = analyze_rsi(chart_data)
-            if result["signal"] == "buy":
-                if volume_ratio >= 1.2:
-                    signals.append(result["description"] + " + 거래량증가")
-                    score += 3
-                else:
-                    signals.append(result["description"] + " (거래량부족)")
-                    score += 1
-        
-        if criteria.use_bollinger:
-            result = analyze_bollinger(chart_data)
-            if result["signal"] == "buy":
-                signals.append(result["description"])
-                score += 1
-        
-        if criteria.use_moving_average:
-            result = analyze_moving_average(chart_data)
-            if result["signal"] == "buy":
-                signals.append(result["description"])
-                score += 2
-        
-        if criteria.use_stochastic:
-            result = analyze_stochastic(chart_data)
-            if result["signal"] == "buy":
-                signals.append(result["description"])
-                score += 1
-        
-        if criteria.use_adx:
-            result = analyze_adx(chart_data)
-            if result["signal"] == "buy":
-                signals.append(result["description"])
-                score += 1
-        
-        if criteria.use_obv:
-            result = analyze_obv(chart_data)
-            if result["signal"] == "buy":
-                signals.append(result["description"])
-                score += 1
-        
-        if volume_ratio >= 1.5 and change_rate > 0:
-            signals.append(f"거래량 실린 상승 ({volume_ratio:.1f}배)")
-            score += 3
-        elif volume_ratio < 0.8:
-            score -= 1
-
-        if TREND_FILTER_ENABLED and trend_ok is not None:
-            if trend_ok:
-                signals.append(f"추세상승(>{TREND_MA_SHORT}MA & {TREND_MA_SHORT}MA>{TREND_MA_LONG}MA, tol={int(TREND_TOLERANCE_PCT*10000)/100:.2f}%)")
-                score += 1
-            else:
-                signals.append(f"추세약함({TREND_MA_SHORT}MA≤{TREND_MA_LONG}MA 또는 종가≤{TREND_MA_SHORT}MA)")
-        
-        if criteria.min_volume_ratio > 0 and volume_ratio < criteria.min_volume_ratio:
-            return None
-
-        ml_score_val = None
-        ml_confidence_val = None
-        ml_signal_val = None
-
-        if settings.ML_ENSEMBLE_ENABLED:
-            try:
-                from app.services.ml_ensemble import get_ensemble
-                ensemble = get_ensemble()
-                if ensemble.is_trained:
-                    ml_result = ensemble.predict(chart_data)
-                    if "error" not in ml_result:
-                        ml_score_val = ml_result["ensemble_score"]
-                        ml_confidence_val = ml_result["confidence"]
-                        ml_signal_val = ml_result["signal"]
-
-                        rule_score_normalized = (score / 15.0) * 100.0
-                        combined_score = int(
-                            rule_score_normalized * settings.ML_ENSEMBLE_RULE_WEIGHT +
-                            ml_score_val * settings.ML_ENSEMBLE_ML_WEIGHT
-                        )
-                        score = max(0, int(combined_score / 100.0 * 15.0))
-
-                        signals.append(f"ML앙상블: {ml_signal_val}({ml_score_val}점, 신뢰도{ml_confidence_val:.0%})")
-            except Exception:
-                pass
-
-        atr_14_val = None
-        adx_14_val = None
-        try:
-            if len(chart_data) >= 15:
-                _h = [float(d.get("stck_hgpr", 0)) for d in chart_data]
-                _l = [float(d.get("stck_lwpr", 0)) for d in chart_data]
-                _c = [float(d.get("stck_clpr", 0)) for d in chart_data]
-                atr_14_val = calculate_atr(_h, _l, _c)
-                if len(chart_data) >= 29:
-                    adx_14_val = calculate_adx(_h, _l, _c)
-        except Exception as _e:
-            logger.debug(f"ATR/ADX 계산 실패 {stock_code}: {_e}")
-
-        if criteria.for_batch or len(signals) > 0 or score > 0:
-            final_score = max(1, score) if len(signals) > 0 else score
-
-            return StockRecommendation(
-                stock_code=stock_code,
-                stock_name=stock_name,
-                current_price=current_price,
-                change_rate=change_rate,
-                signals=signals if signals else ["조건 분석 중"],
-                score=final_score,
-                price_date=price_date,
-                volume=volume,
-                rsi=rsi,
-                ma5=ma5,
-                ma20=ma20,
-                ma60=ma60,
-                stochastic_k=stochastic_k,
-                stochastic_d=stochastic_d,
-                bollinger_upper=bollinger_upper,
-                bollinger_lower=bollinger_lower,
-                bollinger_middle=bollinger_middle,
-                ml_score=ml_score_val,
-                ml_confidence=ml_confidence_val,
-                ml_signal=ml_signal_val,
-                atr_14=atr_14_val,
-                adx_14=adx_14_val,
-            )
-        
-        return None
+        return _analyze_chart_items(chart_data, stock_code, stock_name, criteria)
     except Exception as e:
         logger.error(f"Error analyzing {stock_code}: {str(e)}")
         return None
 
+
+async def analyze_stock_for_batch_db(
+    chart_data_newest_first: List[dict],
+    stock_code: str,
+    stock_name: str,
+) -> Optional[StockRecommendation]:
+    """DB에서 가져온 chart_data (newest first)로 배치 분석 — KIS API 호출 없음."""
+    criteria = RecommendationCriteria(
+        use_macd=True,
+        use_rsi=True,
+        use_bollinger=True,
+        use_moving_average=True,
+        use_stochastic=True,
+        use_adx=True,
+        use_obv=True,
+        use_volatility_breakout=True,
+        min_volume_ratio=0,
+        max_disparity=200.0,
+        for_batch=True,
+    )
+    try:
+        chart_data = list(reversed(chart_data_newest_first))  # oldest first
+        return _analyze_chart_items(chart_data, stock_code, stock_name, criteria)
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.error(f"Error analyzing {stock_code}: {str(e)}")
+        return None
+
+
 async def analyze_stock_for_batch(stock_code: str, stock_name: str) -> Optional[StockRecommendation]:
     criteria = RecommendationCriteria(
         use_macd=True,
@@ -453,27 +526,30 @@ async def analyze_stock_with_indicators(stock_code: str, stock_name: str) -> Opt
     return await analyze_stock(stock_code, stock_name, criteria)
 
 async def get_all_tradable_stocks() -> List[tuple]:
+    SKIP_KEYWORDS = [
+        "ETF", "레버리지", "인버스", "KODEX", "TIGER", "ARIRANG",
+        "KBSTAR", "HANARO", "SOL", "ACE", "KOSEF", "KINDEX", "RISE",
+        "선물", "스팩", "리츠", "SPAC",
+    ]
     try:
+        _list_api = _real_market_api or korea_investment_api
         await asyncio.sleep(3.0)
-        kospi_result = await korea_investment_api.get_stock_list("J")
+        kospi_result = await _list_api.get_stock_list("J")
         await asyncio.sleep(3.0)
-        kosdaq_result = await korea_investment_api.get_stock_list("Q")
-        
+        kosdaq_result = await _list_api.get_stock_list("Q")
+
         stocks = []
-        if "output" in kospi_result:
-            for item in kospi_result["output"]:
-                stock_code = item.get("mksc_shrn_iscd", "")
-                stock_name = item.get("hts_kor_isnm", "")
-                if stock_code and stock_name:
+        for result in (kospi_result, kosdaq_result):
+            if "output" in result:
+                for item in result["output"]:
+                    stock_code = item.get("mksc_shrn_iscd", "")
+                    stock_name = item.get("hts_kor_isnm", "")
+                    if not stock_code or not stock_name:
+                        continue
+                    if any(kw in stock_name for kw in SKIP_KEYWORDS):
+                        continue
                     stocks.append((stock_code, stock_name))
-        
-        if "output" in kosdaq_result:
-            for item in kosdaq_result["output"]:
-                stock_code = item.get("mksc_shrn_iscd", "")
-                stock_name = item.get("hts_kor_isnm", "")
-                if stock_code and stock_name:
-                    stocks.append((stock_code, stock_name))
-        
+
         return stocks
     except Exception as e:
         logger.error(f"Error fetching stock list from KIS API: {e}", exc_info=True)
diff --git a/backend/batch_daily_analysis.py b/backend/batch_daily_analysis.py
index 6c343c8..efafce4 100644
--- a/backend/batch_daily_analysis.py
+++ b/backend/batch_daily_analysis.py
@@ -31,9 +31,11 @@ sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent))
 
 from app.core.config import settings
 from app.core.database import AsyncSessionLocal          # 🔧 공통 DB 모듈 사용
-from app.services.korea_investment_api import KoreaInvestmentAPI, korea_investment_api
+import aiohttp
+from sqlalchemy import select as sa_select
+from app.models.models import StockDailyPrice
 from app.services.analysis_db_service import bulk_upsert_analysis, passes_price_filter, run_db_scanner  # 🔧 단일화
-from app.api.endpoints.recommendations import analyze_stock_for_batch, StockRecommendation
+from app.services.market_analyzer import analyze_stock_for_batch_db, StockRecommendation
 import logging
 
 # 🔧 [fix] logging.basicConfig는 __main__ 블록에서만 호출
@@ -55,33 +57,57 @@ MIN_STOCK_COUNT = 50
 # 1. 시장 레짐 판별 (KOSPI 기준)
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+async def _fetch_db_chart(stock_code: str, limit: int = 240) -> list:
+    """stock_daily_prices DB에서 KIS 형식 차트 데이터 조회 (newest first).
+
+    KIS API 호출 없이 collect_krx_data.py가 사전 수집한 데이터를 사용.
+    """
+    async with AsyncSessionLocal() as db:
+        result = await db.execute(
+            sa_select(StockDailyPrice)
+            .where(StockDailyPrice.stock_code == stock_code)
+            .order_by(StockDailyPrice.trade_date.desc())
+            .limit(limit)
+        )
+        rows = result.scalars().all()
+    return [
+        {
+            "stck_bsop_date": row.trade_date.strftime("%Y%m%d"),
+            "stck_clpr": str(row.close_price or 0),
+            "stck_oprc": str(row.open_price or 0),
+            "stck_hgpr": str(row.high_price or 0),
+            "stck_lwpr": str(row.low_price or 0),
+            "acml_vol": str(row.volume or 0),
+            "hts_kor_isnm": row.stock_name or "",
+        }
+        for row in rows
+    ]
+
+
 async def detect_and_log_market_regime() -> str:
-    """배치 시작 시 KOSPI 200일 데이터로 시장 레짐 판별.
+    """배치 시작 시 KOSPI200 레짐 판별 — DB에서 KODEX200 데이터 조회.
 
-    BULL / BEAR / SIDEWAYS 중 하나를 리턴하며 배치 전체에 로깅된다.
+    BULL / BEAR 중 하나를 리턴하며 배치 전체에 로깅된다.
     실패 시 UNKNOWN을 리턴하여 배치를 차단하지 않는다.
-
-    pykrx 대신 KIS API 사용 — KODEX 200(069500)으로 KOSPI 레짐 판별.
-    KODEX 200은 KOSPI 200을 추종하므로 지수 대용으로 적합하다.
     """
     try:
         from app.services.mean_reversion_strategy import detect_market_regime
 
-        # KODEX 200(069500) 일봉 240개 = 약 1년치 데이터
-        data = await korea_investment_api.get_daily_chart("069500", period="D", limit=240)
-        output = data.get("output2") or []
-
-        if not isinstance(output, list) or len(output) < 205:
-            logger.warning("⚠️  KODEX200 데이터 부족(%d행) — 레짐 판별 스킵", len(output) if output else 0)
+        chart_data = await _fetch_db_chart("069500", limit=240)
+        if not chart_data:
+            logger.warning("⚠️  KOSPI200(KODEX200) DB 데이터 없음 — 레짐 판별 스킵")
             return "UNKNOWN"
 
-        # KIS API는 최신순 반환 → 오래된 순(시계열 순)으로 역정렬
-        closes = [float(item["stck_clpr"]) for item in reversed(output) if item.get("stck_clpr")]
-        regime = detect_market_regime(closes)
+        # DB 데이터는 newest first → oldest first 변환 후 detect_market_regime 호출
+        closes = list(reversed([float(item["stck_clpr"]) for item in chart_data]))
 
-        regime_emoji = {"상승장": "📈 BULL", "하락장": "📉 BEAR",
-                        "bull": "📈 BULL", "bear": "📉 BEAR"}.get(regime.value, "➡️ " + regime.value.upper())
-        logger.info("🌏 시장 레짐: %s (KODEX200 %d일 기준)", regime_emoji, len(closes))
+        if len(closes) < 205:
+            logger.warning("⚠️  KOSPI200 데이터 부족(%d행) — 레짐 판별 스킵", len(closes))
+            return "UNKNOWN"
+
+        regime = detect_market_regime(closes)
+        regime_emoji = {"bull": "📈 BULL", "bear": "📉 BEAR"}.get(regime.value, "➡️ " + regime.value.upper())
+        logger.info("🌏 시장 레짐: %s (KODEX200 %d일 기준, DB)", regime_emoji, len(closes))
         return regime.value.upper()
 
     except Exception as exc:
@@ -93,87 +119,146 @@ async def detect_and_log_market_regime() -> str:
 # 2. 종목 목록 조회
 # -------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-async def get_all_tradable_stocks(kis_api: KoreaInvestmentAPI, limit: int = 500) -> list[tuple[str, str]]:
-    """거래량 상위 종목 조회 (KIS API 사용)
+async def get_all_tradable_stocks(limit: int = 500) -> list[tuple[str, str]]:
+    """거래 가능 종목 조회 (네이버 금융 sise 사용)
 
-    pykrx 의존성 제거 — KIS 거래량 순위 API(FHPST01710000) 사용.
-    시가총액 기준 → 거래량 기준으로 변경 (유동성 높은 종목 우선).
+    네이버 금융 전체 시세 페이지에서 KOSPI+KOSDAQ 종목 수집.
+    (data.krx.co.kr IP 차단 우회 — 네이버 서버는 별도)
     ETF / 레버리지 / 스팩 등 특수종목 자동 제외.
-    KOSPI + KOSDAQ 합산 거래량 상위 limit개 반환.
 
     Raises:
         RuntimeError: 조회 결과가 MIN_STOCK_COUNT(50) 미만인 경우 배치 중단
     """
-    logger.info("Fetching top %d stocks by volume from KIS API...", limit)
+    from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
 
     SKIP_KEYWORDS = [
         "ETF", "레버리지", "인버스", "KODEX", "TIGER", "ARIRANG",
-        "KBSTAR", "HANARO", "SOL", "ACE", "KOSEF", "KINDEX",
+        "KBSTAR", "HANARO", "SOL", "ACE", "KOSEF", "KINDEX", "RISE",
         "선물", "스팩", "리츠", "SPAC",
     ]
+    HEADERS = {"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; autostock-batch/1.0)"}
 
-    # 모의투자 모드에서 실계좌 시세 API를 사용할 수 있으면 준비
-    real_market_api: Optional[KoreaInvestmentAPI] = None
-    if settings.KIS_MODE == "virtual" and settings.KIS_REAL_APP_KEY:
-        try:
-            real_market_api = KoreaInvestmentAPI.for_real_market_data()
-            logger.info("📡 KOSDAQ 조회: 실계좌 시세 API 사용 (모의투자 서버 제한 우회)")
-        except Exception as exc:
-            logger.warning("⚠️  실계좌 시세 API 초기화 실패, 모의투자 API 사용: %s", exc)
+    logger.info("📡 네이버 금융 종목 조회 (KOSPI+KOSDAQ)")
 
-    stocks_with_vol = []
-    for market_code, market_name in [("J", "KOSPI"), ("Q", "KOSDAQ")]:
-        # KOSDAQ은 실계좌 시세 API 우선 사용 (모의투자 서버는 KOSDAQ 미지원)
-        api_to_use = real_market_api if (market_code == "Q" and real_market_api) else kis_api
-        try:
-            result = await api_to_use.get_volume_rank(market_code)
-            items = result.get("output") or []
+    async def _fetch_market_naver(
+        session: aiohttp.ClientSession, sosok: int, market_name: str
+    ) -> list[tuple[str, str, str]]:
+        """sosok=0: KOSPI, sosok=1: KOSDAQ"""
+        base_url = "https://finance.naver.com/sise/sise_market_sum.naver"
+        results: list[tuple[str, str, str]] = []
 
-            if not isinstance(items, list):
-                logger.warning("  %s: output이 리스트 아님 — 건너뜀", market_name)
-                continue
+        # 첫 페이지로 총 페이지 수 파악
+        async with session.get(
+            base_url, params={"sosok": sosok, "page": 1}, headers=HEADERS,
+            timeout=aiohttp.ClientTimeout(total=30)
+        ) as resp:
+            if resp.status != 200:
+                logger.warning("  네이버 %s HTTP %s", market_name, resp.status)
+                return []
+            html = await resp.text(encoding="euc-kr", errors="replace")
 
-            count = 0
-            for item in items:
-                ticker = item.get("mksc_shrn_iscd") or item.get("stck_shrn_iscd") or ""
-                name   = item.get("hts_kor_isnm") or item.get("stck_kor_isnm") or ""
-                volume = int(item.get("acml_vol") or 0)
+        soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "html.parser")
+        # 총 페이지 수 추출
+        pager = soup.select("td.pgRR a")
+        if pager:
+            import re
+            m = re.search(r"page=(\d+)", pager[-1].get("href", ""))
+            total_pages = int(m.group(1)) if m else 1
+        else:
+            total_pages = 1
+        total_pages = min(total_pages, 30)  # 최대 30페이지 (약 1,500종목)
 
-                if not ticker or not name:
+        # 첫 페이지 파싱
+        def _parse_page(s: BeautifulSoup) -> list[tuple[str, str, str]]:
+            rows = s.select("table.type_2 tr")
+            items = []
+            for row in rows:
+                a_tag = row.select_one("a.tltle")
+                if not a_tag:
                     continue
-                if any(k in name for k in SKIP_KEYWORDS):
+                name = a_tag.get_text(strip=True)
+                href = a_tag.get("href", "")
+                import re as _re
+                m2 = _re.search(r"code=(\d+)", href)
+                if not m2:
                     continue
+                code = m2.group(1)
+                if any(kw in name for kw in SKIP_KEYWORDS):
+                    continue
+                items.append((code, name, market_name))
+            return items
 
-                stocks_with_vol.append((ticker, name, volume, market_name))
-                count += 1
+        results.extend(_parse_page(soup))
 
-            logger.info("  %s: %d개 종목 조회", market_name, count)
+        # 나머지 페이지 병렬 수집
+        sem = asyncio.Semaphore(5)
 
-        except Exception as exc:
-            logger.error("❌ %s 종목 조회 실패: %s", market_name, exc)
+        async def _fetch_page(page: int):
+            async with sem:
+                try:
+                    async with session.get(
+                        base_url, params={"sosok": sosok, "page": page},
+                        headers=HEADERS, timeout=aiohttp.ClientTimeout(total=30)
+                    ) as r:
+                        if r.status != 200:
+                            return []
+                        h = await r.text(encoding="euc-kr", errors="replace")
+                        return _parse_page(BeautifulSoup(h, "html.parser"))
+                except Exception:
+                    return []
 
-    stocks_with_vol.sort(key=lambda x: x[2], reverse=True)
-    top_with_mkt = stocks_with_vol[:limit]
-    top_stocks = [(code, name) for code, name, _, _mkt in top_with_mkt]
+        tasks = [_fetch_page(p) for p in range(2, total_pages + 1)]
+        pages_data = await asyncio.gather(*tasks)
+        for page_items in pages_data:
+            results.extend(page_items)
+
+        # 중복 제거
+        seen: set[str] = set()
+        unique = []
+        for item in results:
+            if item[0] not in seen:
+                seen.add(item[0])
+                unique.append(item)
+
+        logger.info("  %s: %d개 선정 (총 %d페이지)", market_name, len(unique), total_pages)
+        return unique
+
+    kospi_stocks: list[tuple[str, str, str]] = []
+    kosdaq_stocks: list[tuple[str, str, str]] = []
+    async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
+        kospi_stocks = await _fetch_market_naver(session, 0, "KOSPI")
+        kosdaq_stocks = await _fetch_market_naver(session, 1, "KOSDAQ")
+
+    # 네이버 스크래핑 실패 시 KIS API로 폴백
+    naver_total = len(kospi_stocks) + len(kosdaq_stocks)
+    if naver_total < MIN_STOCK_COUNT:
+        logger.warning(
+            "⚠️  네이버 금융 조회 부족(%d개) — KIS API로 폴백", naver_total
+        )
+        try:
+            from app.services.market_analyzer import get_all_tradable_stocks as _kis_stocks
+            kis_result = await _kis_stocks()
+            if len(kis_result) >= MIN_STOCK_COUNT:
+                logger.info("✅ KIS API 폴백 성공: %d개", len(kis_result))
+                return kis_result[:limit]
+        except Exception as _exc:
+            logger.error("❌ KIS API 폴백도 실패: %s", _exc)
+        raise RuntimeError(
+            f"종목 조회 실패: 네이버({naver_total}개) + KIS API 모두 불가. "
+            f"네트워크 및 API 설정을 확인하세요."
+        )
+
+    # KOSPI 60% / KOSDAQ 40% 비율로 합산
+    kospi_n = int(limit * 0.6)
+    kosdaq_n = limit - kospi_n
+    all_stocks = kospi_stocks[:kospi_n] + kosdaq_stocks[:kosdaq_n]
+    top_with_mkt = all_stocks[:limit]
+    top_stocks = [(code, name) for code, name, _ in top_with_mkt]
 
     kospi_n  = sum(1 for *_, mkt in top_with_mkt if mkt == "KOSPI")
     kosdaq_n = sum(1 for *_, mkt in top_with_mkt if mkt == "KOSDAQ")
     logger.info("✅ 선정 %d개 (KOSPI %d / KOSDAQ %d)", len(top_stocks), kospi_n, kosdaq_n)
 
-    if len(top_stocks) < MIN_STOCK_COUNT:
-        if settings.KIS_MODE == "virtual":
-            # 모의투자 서버는 KOSDAQ 거래량 순위 미지원 — 조회된 종목으로 진행
-            logger.warning(
-                "⚠️  모의투자 서버 종목 수 제한: %d개 (기준 %d개). "
-                "KOSDAQ 거래량 순위 미지원으로 인한 정상 동작 — 배치 계속 진행합니다.",
-                len(top_stocks), MIN_STOCK_COUNT
-            )
-        else:
-            raise RuntimeError(
-                f"종목 조회 결과 너무 적음: {len(top_stocks)}개 (최소 {MIN_STOCK_COUNT}개 필요). "
-                "KIS API 오류 또는 장 휴장 여부를 확인하세요."
-            )
-
     return top_stocks
 
 
@@ -189,12 +274,20 @@ async def analyze_one_stock(
 ) -> tuple[str, Optional[StockRecommendation]]:
     """종목 분석만 수행하고 결과 반환. DB 저장은 Streaming 저장기에서 처리.
 
+    DB(stock_daily_prices)에서 차트 데이터를 조회 — KIS API 호출 없음.
+
     Returns: (status, result)
       status: "ok" | "no_chart" | "price_filter" | "error"
     """
     try:
         logger.info("[%d/%d] 분석 중: %s (%s)", idx, total, stock_code, stock_name)
-        result = await analyze_stock_for_batch(stock_code, stock_name)
+
+        chart_data = await _fetch_db_chart(stock_code)
+        if not chart_data:
+            logger.info("샘 차트없음(DB) %s (%s)", stock_code, stock_name)
+            return "no_chart", None
+
+        result = await analyze_stock_for_batch_db(chart_data, stock_code, stock_name)
 
         if not result:
             logger.info("샘 차트없음 %s (%s)", stock_code, stock_name)
@@ -300,11 +393,35 @@ async def batch_analyze_all_stocks(limit: int = None):
     logger.info("⚙️  동시 처리: %d종목 | 벌크저장 단위: %d개 | API 세마포어: %dreq",
                 BATCH_CONCURRENCY, BULK_SAVE_CHUNK, settings.API_MAX_CONCURRENT_REQUESTS)
 
+    # Step 0: DB 데이터 사전 확인 (collect_krx_data.py 미실행 감지)
+    async with AsyncSessionLocal() as _db:
+        _db_check = await _db.execute(
+            sa_select(StockDailyPrice.trade_date)
+            .order_by(StockDailyPrice.trade_date.desc())
+            .limit(1)
+        )
+        _last_row = _db_check.scalar()
+    if _last_row is None:
+        logger.error(
+            "❌ stock_daily_prices 테이블이 비어있습니다. "
+            "먼저 collect_krx_data.py를 실행하여 데이터를 수집하세요."
+        )
+        raise RuntimeError("DB에 차트 데이터 없음 — collect_krx_data.py 선행 실행 필요")
+    from datetime import timedelta as _td
+    _days_old = (date.today() - _last_row).days
+    if _days_old > 3:
+        logger.warning(
+            "⚠️  DB 마지막 데이터: %s (%d일 전) — collect_krx_data.py --update 실행 권장",
+            _last_row, _days_old
+        )
+    else:
+        logger.info("✅ DB 최신 데이터: %s", _last_row)
+
     # Step 1: 시장 레짐 판별
     regime = await detect_and_log_market_regime()
 
-    # Step 2: 종목 목록 조회 (모듈 레벨 싱글톤 재사용, 불필요한 새 인스턴스 생성 금지)
-    all_stocks = await get_all_tradable_stocks(korea_investment_api, limit=500)
+    # Step 2: 종목 목록 조회 (KRX OpenAPI)
+    all_stocks = await get_all_tradable_stocks(limit=500)
     filtered_stocks = all_stocks[:limit] if limit else all_stocks
     total = len(filtered_stocks)
     logger.info("📊 분석 대상: %d개 (시장 레짐: %s)", total, regime)
@@ -314,43 +431,41 @@ async def batch_analyze_all_stocks(limit: int = None):
     queue: asyncio.Queue = asyncio.Queue(maxsize=BULK_SAVE_CHUNK * 3)
     semaphore = asyncio.Semaphore(BATCH_CONCURRENCY)
 
+    # saver_task를 먼저 시작
+    saver_task = asyncio.create_task(_streaming_saver(queue, analysis_date))
+
     async def analyze_one(i: int, code: str, name: str):
         try:
             async with semaphore:
                 status, result = await analyze_one_stock(i, total, code, name)
-            await queue.put((status, code, name, result))
+            # saver가 이미 종료(예외 등)됐으면 put 블로킹 방지
+            if not saver_task.done():
+                await queue.put((status, code, name, result))
+            else:
+                logger.warning("⚠️  saver 종료됨 — %s 저장 건너뜀", code)
         except Exception as exc:
             logger.error("❌ analyze_one unexpected error %s: %s", code, exc)
-            await queue.put(("error", code, name, None))
+            if not saver_task.done():
+                await queue.put(("error", code, name, None))
 
-    # 🔧 [fix] saver_task 예외 감지: asyncio.wait로 saver_task 비정상 종료 시 조기 감지
-    saver_task = asyncio.create_task(_streaming_saver(queue, analysis_date))
-
-    # 분석 태스크 전체 실행
-    analysis_gather = asyncio.gather(
+    # 분석 태스크 전체 실행 (완료까지 대기)
+    await asyncio.gather(
         *[analyze_one(i, c, n) for i, (c, n) in enumerate(filtered_stocks, 1)],
         return_exceptions=True,
     )
 
-    # saver_task가 예외로 죽으면 analysis_gather도 조기 취소
-    done, pending = await asyncio.wait(
-        [asyncio.ensure_future(analysis_gather), saver_task],
-        return_when=asyncio.FIRST_EXCEPTION,
-    )
-
-    # saver_task 예외 발생 시 분석 태스크 취소 처리
-    for task in pending:
-        task.cancel()
-        try:
-            await task
-        except (asyncio.CancelledError, Exception):
-            pass
-
-    # sentinel 전송 → 저장기 종료 (정상 흐름에서도 항상 실행)
+    # 모든 분석 완료 후 sentinel 전송 → saver 정상 종료
+    # 기존 코드의 deadlock 원인: sentinel을 asyncio.wait() 이후에 보냈기 때문에
+    # FIRST_EXCEPTION 모드에서 예외 없으면 ALL_COMPLETED 동작 → saver가 sentinel을
+    # 기다리며 무한 대기 (deadlock)
     if not saver_task.done():
         await queue.put(None)
 
-    stats = await saver_task if not saver_task.cancelled() else {}
+    stats = {}
+    try:
+        stats = await saver_task
+    except Exception as exc:
+        logger.error("❌ saver_task 최종 오류: %s", exc)
 
     ok_count  = stats.get("ok", 0)
     no_chart  = stats.get("no_chart", 0)
@@ -375,7 +490,6 @@ async def batch_analyze_all_stocks(limit: int = None):
 
     # 결과 요약
     duration = (datetime.now(KST) - start_time).total_seconds()
-    api_stats = korea_investment_api.get_monitor_stats()
 
     logger.info("=" * 60)
     logger.info("✅ Batch analysis completed!")
@@ -386,9 +500,6 @@ async def batch_analyze_all_stocks(limit: int = None):
     logger.info("   ├─ 오류:     %d건", err_count)
     logger.info("🔍 DB 스캐너 신호: %d개", len(scanner_tickers))
     logger.info("⏱️  %.1f초 (%.1f분)", duration, duration / 60)
-    logger.info("📡 API 통계 — 호출:%d 오류:%d(%.1f%%) 평균:%.2f초",
-                api_stats['total_calls'], api_stats['total_errors'],
-                api_stats['error_rate'] * 100, api_stats['avg_duration'])
     logger.info("=" * 60)
 
 
diff --git a/backend/collect_krx_data.py b/backend/collect_krx_data.py
index 2fae511..965bf19 100644
--- a/backend/collect_krx_data.py
+++ b/backend/collect_krx_data.py
@@ -1,26 +1,31 @@
 """
 KRX 히스토리컬 데이터 수집 스크립트
 
-pykrx를 사용하여 KOSPI/KOSDAQ 종목의 일봉 OHLCV 데이터를 DB에 저장합니다.
+KRX OpenAPI (data-dbg.krx.co.kr)를 사용하여 KOSPI/KOSDAQ 종목의
+일봉 OHLCV 데이터를 DB에 저장합니다.
+
+- KIS API 의존성 완전 제거
+- 날짜 1건 호출 → 해당일 전 종목 OHLCV 일괄 수신 (효율적)
 
 사용법:
-    python collect_krx_data.py                          # 전체 수집 (10년, 주요 200종목)
-    python collect_krx_data.py --limit 5 --start-date 20240101  # 테스트 (5종목, 2024년~)
-    python collect_krx_data.py --update                 # 증분 업데이트 (마지막 저장일 이후)
-    python collect_krx_data.py --market kospi            # KOSPI만
+    python collect_krx_data.py                            # 전체 수집 (2020-01-01~)
+    python collect_krx_data.py --limit 5                  # 최근 5거래일 (테스트)
+    python collect_krx_data.py --start-date 20240101      # 시작일 지정
+    python collect_krx_data.py --update                   # 증분 업데이트
+    python collect_krx_data.py --market kospi             # KOSPI만
 """
 
 import argparse
 import asyncio
 import logging
+import os
 import sys
 import time
 from datetime import date, datetime, timedelta
 from pathlib import Path
 
-import numpy as np
+import aiohttp
 import pandas as pd
-from pykrx import stock as pykrx_stock
 
 # 프로젝트 루트를 Python 경로에 추가
 sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent))
@@ -31,131 +36,186 @@ from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import insert as pg_insert
 from app.core.database import AsyncSessionLocal, engine, Base
 from app.models.models import StockDailyPrice
 
-logging.basicConfig(
-    level=logging.INFO,
-    format="%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s",
-)
-logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+# ─── KRX OpenAPI 설정 ─────────────────────────────────────────────
+# 실제 데이터 엔드포인트 (openapi.krx.co.kr 는 포털, 데이터는 data-dbg)
+KRX_DATA_BASE = "https://data-dbg.krx.co.kr/svc/apis"
 
-# ETF/특수 종목 제외 키워드
+try:
+    from app.core.config import settings as _cfg
+    KRX_API_KEY: str = _cfg.KRX_API_KEY
+except Exception:
+    from dotenv import load_dotenv
+    load_dotenv(Path(__file__).parent.parent / ".env")
+    KRX_API_KEY = os.environ.get("KRX_API_KEY", "")
+
+# ─── ETF/특수 종목 제외 키워드 ────────────────────────────────────
 SKIP_KEYWORDS = [
     "ETF", "레버리지", "인버스", "KODEX", "TIGER", "ARIRANG",
     "KBSTAR", "HANARO", "SOL", "ACE", "KOSEF", "KINDEX",
     "선물", "스팩", "리츠", "SPAC",
 ]
 
+# 날짜별 동시 요청 수 (KRX API 쓰로틀링 고려)
+COLLECT_CONCURRENCY = 3
+REQUEST_INTERVAL = 0.5   # 요청 간 최소 대기(초)
 
-def get_stock_list(market: str = "all", limit: int = 0) -> list:
-    """pykrx로 종목 목록 조회
-
-    Args:
-        market: "kospi", "kosdaq", "all"
-        limit: 0이면 전체, N이면 상위 N개
-
-    Returns:
-        [(stock_code, stock_name), ...]
-    """
-    today = datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d")
-    stocks = []
-
-    markets = []
-    if market in ("kospi", "all"):
-        markets.append("KOSPI")
-    if market in ("kosdaq", "all"):
-        markets.append("KOSDAQ")
-
-    for mkt in markets:
-        try:
-            tickers = pykrx_stock.get_market_ticker_list(today, market=mkt)
-            for ticker in tickers:
-                name = pykrx_stock.get_market_ticker_name(ticker)
-                if any(k in name for k in SKIP_KEYWORDS):
-                    continue
-                stocks.append((ticker, name))
-            logger.info(f"{mkt}: {len(tickers)}개 조회, 필터링 후 {len(stocks)}개")
-        except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f"{mkt} 종목 목록 조회 실패: {e}")
-
-    # 중복 제거
-    seen = set()
-    unique = []
-    for code, name in stocks:
-        if code not in seen:
-            seen.add(code)
-            unique.append((code, name))
-
-    if limit > 0:
-        unique = unique[:limit]
-
-    logger.info(f"총 {len(unique)}개 종목 선정")
-    return unique
+logging.basicConfig(
+    level=logging.INFO,
+    format="%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s",
+)
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
-def fetch_ohlcv(stock_code: str, start_date: str, end_date: str) -> pd.DataFrame:
-    """pykrx로 일봉 OHLCV 데이터 조회
+# ─── 유틸 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
-    Returns:
-        DataFrame with columns: date, open, high, low, close, volume, change_rate, market_cap
-    """
+def generate_trading_dates(start: str, end: str) -> list[str]:
+    """start ~ end 사이 평일(월~금) 날짜 문자열 목록 생성 (YYYYMMDD)."""
+    d = datetime.strptime(start, "%Y%m%d").date()
+    e = datetime.strptime(end, "%Y%m%d").date()
+    dates: list[str] = []
+    while d <= e:
+        if d.weekday() < 5:   # 0=Mon … 4=Fri
+            dates.append(d.strftime("%Y%m%d"))
+        d += timedelta(days=1)
+    return dates
+
+
+def _int(val) -> int:
+    """문자열/숫자를 int로 안전 변환 (쉼표 포함 처리)."""
     try:
-        df = pykrx_stock.get_market_ohlcv_by_date(
-            start_date, end_date, stock_code, adjusted=True
-        )
-        if df.empty:
-            return pd.DataFrame()
+        return int(str(val).replace(",", "").strip() or "0")
+    except (ValueError, TypeError):
+        return 0
 
-        # 시가총액 조회
-        try:
-            cap_df = pykrx_stock.get_market_cap_by_date(start_date, end_date, stock_code)
-            if not cap_df.empty:
-                df["시가총액"] = cap_df["시가총액"]
-        except Exception:
-            df["시가총액"] = None
 
-        df = df.reset_index()
-        df.columns = [c.replace("날짜", "date") for c in df.columns]
+def _float(val) -> float:
+    """문자열/숫자를 float로 안전 변환."""
+    try:
+        return float(str(val).replace(",", "").strip() or "0")
+    except (ValueError, TypeError):
+        return 0.0
 
-        result = pd.DataFrame({
-            "date": df.iloc[:, 0],  # 날짜
-            "open": df["시가"].astype(int),
-            "high": df["고가"].astype(int),
-            "low": df["저가"].astype(int),
-            "close": df["종가"].astype(int),
-            "volume": df["거래량"].astype(int),
-            "change_rate": df["등락률"] / 100.0 if "등락률" in df.columns else 0,
-            "market_cap": df.get("시가총액"),
-        })
 
-        # 거래량 0인 날 제거 (거래정지일)
-        result = result[result["volume"] > 0].reset_index(drop=True)
-        return result
+# ─── KRX API 호출 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
-    except Exception as e:
-        logger.error(f"{stock_code} OHLCV 조회 실패: {e}")
+async def _fetch_krx(
+    session: aiohttp.ClientSession,
+    endpoint: str,
+    bas_dd: str,
+) -> list:
+    """KRX OpenAPI 단건 호출 → OutBlock_1 리스트 반환.
+
+    endpoint 예: "sto/stk_bydd_trd"
+    """
+    url = f"{KRX_DATA_BASE}/{endpoint}"
+    try:
+        async with session.get(
+            url,
+            params={"basDd": bas_dd},
+            headers={"AUTH_KEY": KRX_API_KEY},
+            timeout=aiohttp.ClientTimeout(total=30),
+        ) as resp:
+            if resp.status != 200:
+                logger.warning("KRX %s %s → HTTP %s", endpoint, bas_dd, resp.status)
+                return []
+            data = await resp.json(content_type=None)
+            return data.get("OutBlock_1") or []
+    except Exception as exc:
+        logger.error("KRX API 오류 [%s %s]: %s", endpoint, bas_dd, exc)
+        return []
+
+
+async def fetch_daily_prices(
+    session: aiohttp.ClientSession,
+    market: str,
+    bas_dd: str,
+) -> pd.DataFrame:
+    """특정 날짜의 전 종목 OHLCV 조회.
+
+    KRX 응답 필드:
+        ISU_SRT_CD  : 단축 종목코드 (e.g. "005930")
+        ISU_ABBRV   : 종목 약칭
+        TDD_OPNPRC  : 시가
+        TDD_HGPRC   : 고가
+        TDD_LWPRC   : 저가
+        TDD_CLSPRC  : 종가
+        ACC_TRDVOL  : 누적 거래량
+        FLUC_RT     : 등락률 (%)
+    """
+    endpoint = "sto/stk_bydd_trd" if market == "kospi" else "sto/ksq_bydd_trd"
+    items = await _fetch_krx(session, endpoint, bas_dd)
+    if not items:
         return pd.DataFrame()
 
+    trade_date = datetime.strptime(bas_dd, "%Y%m%d").date()
+    rows: list[dict] = []
+
+    for item in items:
+        name = (item.get("ISU_ABBRV") or item.get("ISU_NM") or "").strip()
+        if any(kw in name for kw in SKIP_KEYWORDS):
+            continue
+
+        code = item.get("ISU_SRT_CD", "").strip()
+        if not code:
+            continue
+
+        volume = _int(item.get("ACC_TRDVOL"))
+        if volume == 0:
+            continue   # 거래정지일 제외
+
+        close = _int(item.get("TDD_CLSPRC"))
+        if close == 0:
+            continue
+
+        rows.append({
+            "stock_code":  code,
+            "stock_name":  name,
+            "date":        trade_date,
+            "open":        _int(item.get("TDD_OPNPRC")),
+            "high":        _int(item.get("TDD_HGPRC")),
+            "low":         _int(item.get("TDD_LWPRC")),
+            "close":       close,
+            "volume":      volume,
+            "change_rate": _float(item.get("FLUC_RT")) / 100.0,
+        })
+
+    return pd.DataFrame(rows) if rows else pd.DataFrame()
+
+
+async def get_stock_codes(
+    session: aiohttp.ClientSession,
+    market: str,
+    bas_dd: str,
+) -> set[str]:
+    """특정 날짜 기준 상장 종목 코드 집합 조회 (선택적 필터용)."""
+    endpoint = "sto/stk_isu_base_info" if market == "kospi" else "sto/ksq_isu_base_info"
+    items = await _fetch_krx(session, endpoint, bas_dd)
+    codes: set[str] = set()
+    for item in items:
+        code = item.get("ISU_SRT_CD", "").strip()
+        if code:
+            codes.add(code)
+    return codes
+
+
+# ─── DB 헬퍼 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 async def create_tables():
-    """DB 테이블 생성"""
     async with engine.begin() as conn:
         await conn.run_sync(Base.metadata.create_all)
     logger.info("DB 테이블 확인/생성 완료")
 
 
-async def get_last_trade_date(session, stock_code: str) -> date | None:
-    """특정 종목의 DB 내 마지막 거래일 조회"""
+async def get_last_trade_date(session) -> date | None:
+    """DB 내 마지막 거래일 조회 (전 종목 공통)."""
     result = await session.execute(
-        text(
-            "SELECT MAX(trade_date) FROM stock_daily_prices WHERE stock_code = :code"
-        ),
-        {"code": stock_code},
+        text("SELECT MAX(trade_date) FROM stock_daily_prices")
     )
-    row = result.scalar()
-    return row
+    return result.scalar()
 
 
-async def upsert_daily_prices(session, stock_code: str, stock_name: str, df: pd.DataFrame):
-    """DB에 일봉 데이터 upsert (중복 시 업데이트)"""
+async def upsert_daily_prices(session, df: pd.DataFrame) -> int:
+    """DB에 일봉 데이터 UPSERT (배치 500건)."""
     if df.empty:
         return 0
 
@@ -164,38 +224,35 @@ async def upsert_daily_prices(session, stock_code: str, stock_name: str, df: pd.
         trade_date = row["date"]
         if isinstance(trade_date, pd.Timestamp):
             trade_date = trade_date.date()
-
-        record = {
-            "stock_code": stock_code,
-            "stock_name": stock_name,
-            "trade_date": trade_date,
-            "open_price": int(row["open"]),
-            "high_price": int(row["high"]),
-            "low_price": int(row["low"]),
+        records.append({
+            "stock_code":  row["stock_code"],
+            "stock_name":  row["stock_name"],
+            "trade_date":  trade_date,
+            "open_price":  int(row["open"]),
+            "high_price":  int(row["high"]),
+            "low_price":   int(row["low"]),
             "close_price": int(row["close"]),
-            "volume": int(row["volume"]),
+            "volume":      int(row["volume"]),
             "change_rate": float(row["change_rate"]) if pd.notna(row["change_rate"]) else None,
-            "market_cap": int(row["market_cap"]) if pd.notna(row.get("market_cap")) else None,
-        }
-        records.append(record)
+            "market_cap":  None,
+        })
 
-    # PostgreSQL ON CONFLICT upsert (batch)
     batch_size = 500
     inserted = 0
     for i in range(0, len(records), batch_size):
-        batch = records[i:i + batch_size]
+        batch = records[i : i + batch_size]
         stmt = pg_insert(StockDailyPrice).values(batch)
         stmt = stmt.on_conflict_do_update(
             constraint="uq_stock_daily",
             set_={
-                "stock_name": stmt.excluded.stock_name,
-                "open_price": stmt.excluded.open_price,
-                "high_price": stmt.excluded.high_price,
-                "low_price": stmt.excluded.low_price,
+                "stock_name":  stmt.excluded.stock_name,
+                "open_price":  stmt.excluded.open_price,
+                "high_price":  stmt.excluded.high_price,
+                "low_price":   stmt.excluded.low_price,
                 "close_price": stmt.excluded.close_price,
-                "volume": stmt.excluded.volume,
+                "volume":      stmt.excluded.volume,
                 "change_rate": stmt.excluded.change_rate,
-                "market_cap": stmt.excluded.market_cap,
+                "market_cap":  stmt.excluded.market_cap,
             },
         )
         await session.execute(stmt)
@@ -205,108 +262,146 @@ async def upsert_daily_prices(session, stock_code: str, stock_name: str, df: pd.
     return inserted
 
 
+# ─── 날짜별 수집 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+async def collect_date(
+    i: int,
+    total: int,
+    bas_dd: str,
+    market: str,
+    semaphore: asyncio.Semaphore,
+    http_session: aiohttp.ClientSession,
+) -> tuple[bool, int]:
+    """단일 날짜 수집 (세마포어 적용)."""
+    async with semaphore:
+        try:
+            markets = []
+            if market in ("kospi", "all"):
+                markets.append("kospi")
+            if market in ("kosdaq", "all"):
+                markets.append("kosdaq")
+
+            frames: list[pd.DataFrame] = []
+            for mkt in markets:
+                df = await fetch_daily_prices(http_session, mkt, bas_dd)
+                if not df.empty:
+                    frames.append(df)
+                await asyncio.sleep(REQUEST_INTERVAL)
+
+            if not frames:
+                logger.info("[%d/%d] %s: 데이터 없음 (휴장일?)", i, total, bas_dd)
+                return True, 0   # 휴장일은 성공으로 처리
+
+            combined = pd.concat(frames, ignore_index=True)
+            # 같은 날짜 내 코드 중복 제거 (KOSPI/KOSDAQ 겹침 방지)
+            combined = combined.drop_duplicates(subset=["stock_code", "date"])
+
+            async with AsyncSessionLocal() as db:
+                count = await upsert_daily_prices(db, combined)
+
+            logger.info("[%d/%d] %s: %d종목 저장", i, total, bas_dd, count)
+            return True, count
+
+        except Exception as exc:
+            logger.error("[%d/%d] %s 실패: %s", i, total, bas_dd, exc)
+            return False, 0
+
+
+# ─── 메인 수집 로직 ───────────────────────────────────────────────
+
 async def collect_all(
     market: str = "all",
     limit: int = 0,
-    start_date: str = "20160101",
+    start_date: str = "20200101",
     update_mode: bool = False,
 ):
-    """메인 수집 로직"""
+    """메인 수집 로직 (KRX OpenAPI 기반, 날짜별 전종목 일괄 수집)."""
+    if not KRX_API_KEY:
+        logger.error(
+            "KRX_API_KEY가 설정되지 않았습니다.\n"
+            "  1) https://openapi.krx.co.kr 에서 API 키 발급\n"
+            "  2) .env 파일에 KRX_API_KEY=<발급받은키> 추가\n"
+            "  3) 다시 실행하세요."
+        )
+        sys.exit(1)
+
     await create_tables()
 
     end_date = datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d")
+    actual_start = start_date
 
-    # 종목 목록
-    stock_list = get_stock_list(market=market, limit=limit)
-    if not stock_list:
-        logger.error("종목 목록이 비어있습니다")
+    if update_mode:
+        async with AsyncSessionLocal() as db:
+            last_date = await get_last_trade_date(db)
+        if last_date:
+            next_day = last_date + timedelta(days=1)
+            actual_start = next_day.strftime("%Y%m%d")
+            if next_day >= date.today():
+                logger.info("이미 최신 데이터입니다 (마지막: %s)", last_date)
+                return
+            logger.info("증분 업데이트: %s ~", actual_start)
+
+    dates = generate_trading_dates(actual_start, end_date)
+    if not dates:
+        logger.warning("수집할 날짜가 없습니다.")
         return
 
-    total = len(stock_list)
-    total_inserted = 0
-    success_count = 0
-    fail_count = 0
+    # --limit N → 최근 N거래일만 (테스트용)
+    if limit > 0:
+        dates = dates[-limit:]
 
-    async with AsyncSessionLocal() as session:
-        for i, (stock_code, stock_name) in enumerate(stock_list):
-            try:
-                actual_start = start_date
+    total = len(dates)
+    logger.info("수집 날짜: %d일 (%s ~ %s)", total, dates[0], dates[-1])
 
-                if update_mode:
-                    last_date = await get_last_trade_date(session, stock_code)
-                    if last_date:
-                        # 마지막 저장일 다음 날부터
-                        next_day = last_date + timedelta(days=1)
-                        actual_start = next_day.strftime("%Y%m%d")
-                        if next_day >= date.today():
-                            logger.info(f"[{i+1}/{total}] {stock_code} ({stock_name}): 이미 최신")
-                            success_count += 1
-                            continue
+    semaphore = asyncio.Semaphore(COLLECT_CONCURRENCY)
+    conn = aiohttp.TCPConnector(limit=10)
 
-                logger.info(
-                    f"[{i+1}/{total}] {stock_code} ({stock_name}): "
-                    f"{actual_start} ~ {end_date} 수집 중..."
-                )
+    async with aiohttp.ClientSession(connector=conn) as http_session:
+        results = await asyncio.gather(
+            *[
+                collect_date(i, total, d, market, semaphore, http_session)
+                for i, d in enumerate(dates, 1)
+            ],
+            return_exceptions=True,
+        )
 
-                df = fetch_ohlcv(stock_code, actual_start, end_date)
-                if df.empty:
-                    logger.warning(f"  {stock_code}: 데이터 없음")
-                    fail_count += 1
-                    continue
-
-                count = await upsert_daily_prices(session, stock_code, stock_name, df)
-                total_inserted += count
-                success_count += 1
-                logger.info(f"  {stock_code}: {count}개 행 저장 (총 {len(df)}일)")
-
-            except Exception as e:
-                logger.error(f"  {stock_code} ({stock_name}) 실패: {e}")
-                fail_count += 1
-                # 에러 시에도 계속 진행
-                try:
-                    await session.rollback()
-                except Exception:
-                    pass
-
-            # pykrx rate limit 방지
-            time.sleep(0.5)
+    success  = sum(1 for r in results if isinstance(r, tuple) and r[0])
+    fail     = total - success
+    total_rows = sum(r[1] for r in results if isinstance(r, tuple))
 
     logger.info("=" * 60)
-    logger.info(f"수집 완료!")
-    logger.info(f"  성공: {success_count}/{total}")
-    logger.info(f"  실패: {fail_count}/{total}")
-    logger.info(f"  총 저장 행: {total_inserted:,}")
+    logger.info("수집 완료!")
+    logger.info("  성공: %d/%d일", success, total)
+    logger.info("  실패: %d/%d일", fail, total)
+    logger.info("  총 저장 행: %s", f"{total_rows:,}")
     logger.info("=" * 60)
 
 
 def main():
-    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="KRX 히스토리컬 데이터 수집")
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="KRX 히스토리컬 데이터 수집 (KRX OpenAPI)")
     parser.add_argument(
-        "--market",
-        choices=["kospi", "kosdaq", "all"],
-        default="all",
+        "--market", choices=["kospi", "kosdaq", "all"], default="all",
         help="수집 시장 (기본: all)",
     )
     parser.add_argument(
-        "--limit", type=int, default=0, help="종목 수 제한 (0=전체, 테스트용)"
+        "--limit", type=int, default=0,
+        help="최근 N거래일만 수집 (0=전체, 테스트용)",
     )
     parser.add_argument(
-        "--start-date",
-        default="20160101",
-        help="수집 시작일 YYYYMMDD (기본: 20160101)",
+        "--start-date", default="20200101",
+        help="수집 시작일 YYYYMMDD (기본: 20200101)",
     )
     parser.add_argument(
-        "--update",
-        action="store_true",
+        "--update", action="store_true",
         help="증분 업데이트 모드 (마지막 저장일 이후만 수집)",
     )
     args = parser.parse_args()
 
-    logger.info(f"KRX 데이터 수집 시작")
-    logger.info(f"  시장: {args.market}")
-    logger.info(f"  종목 제한: {'전체' if args.limit == 0 else args.limit}")
-    logger.info(f"  시작일: {args.start_date}")
-    logger.info(f"  증분 모드: {args.update}")
+    logger.info("KRX 데이터 수집 시작 (KRX OpenAPI)")
+    logger.info("  시장: %s", args.market)
+    logger.info("  날짜 제한: %s", "전체" if args.limit == 0 else f"최근 {args.limit}거래일")
+    logger.info("  시작일: %s", args.start_date)
+    logger.info("  증분 모드: %s", args.update)
 
     start_time = time.time()
     asyncio.run(collect_all(
@@ -316,7 +411,7 @@ def main():
         update_mode=args.update,
     ))
     elapsed = time.time() - start_time
-    logger.info(f"총 소요시간: {elapsed:.1f}초 ({elapsed/60:.1f}분)")
+    logger.info("총 소요시간: %.1f초 (%.1f분)", elapsed, elapsed / 60)
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
diff --git a/backend/requirements.txt b/backend/requirements.txt
index 0b1ec2a..f852f8d 100644
--- a/backend/requirements.txt
+++ b/backend/requirements.txt
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ redis==5.0.1
 aio-pika==9.3.1
 websockets==12.0
 httpx>=0.27.1
+aiohttp>=3.9.0
 python-jose[cryptography]==3.3.0
 passlib[bcrypt]==1.7.4
 python-multipart>=0.0.9
@@ -26,9 +27,8 @@ pytest==7.4.3
 pytest-asyncio==0.21.1
 feedparser==6.0.11
 joblib>=1.3.0
-pytz
+beautifulsoup4>=4.12.0
 # ML Ensemble
 torch>=2.1.0
 lightgbm>=4.1.0
 scikit-learn>=1.3.0
-pykrx>=1.0.44
diff --git a/backend/test_krx.py b/backend/test_krx.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ec06791
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/test_krx.py
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+import os
+import sys
+import requests
+from pathlib import Path
+from dotenv import load_dotenv
+
+load_dotenv(Path(__file__).parent.parent / ".env")
+AUTH_KEY = os.environ.get("KRX_API_KEY", "")
+if not AUTH_KEY:
+    print("❌ KRX_API_KEY가 .env에 설정되지 않았습니다.")
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+print("=== KRX OTP 테스트 ===")
+
+# Step 1: OTP 발급
+otp_params = {
+    "bld": "dbms/MDC/STAT/standard/MDCSTAT02301",
+    "name": "fileDown",
+    "filetype": "json",
+    "url": "dbms/MDC/STAT/standard/MDCSTAT02301",
+    "trdDd": "20260304",
+    "AUTH_KEY": AUTH_KEY
+}
+
+print("OTP 요청 중...")
+otp_res = requests.post(
+    "https://openapi.krx.co.kr/contents/COM/GenerateOTP.cmd",
+    data=otp_params
+)
+print(f"OTP 상태코드: {otp_res.status_code}")
+print(f"OTP 응답 전체: [{otp_res.text}]")
+
+if otp_res.status_code != 200 or not otp_res.text.strip():
+    print("❌ OTP 발급 실패 — 여기서 중단")
+    exit(1)
+
+# Step 2: 데이터 요청
+print("\n데이터 요청 중...")
+data_res = requests.post(
+    "https://openapi.krx.co.kr/contents/COM/GetData.cmd",
+    data={"code": otp_res.text}
+)
+print(f"데이터 상태코드: {data_res.status_code}")
+
+try:
+    data = data_res.json()
+    items = data.get("OutBlock_1") or data.get("output") or []
+    print(f"✅ 종목 수: {len(items)}개")
+    if items:
+        print(f"첫 번째 항목 키: {list(items[0].keys())}")
+        print(f"첫 번째 종목: {items[0]}")
+except Exception as e:
+    print(f"❌ JSON 파싱 실패: {e}")
+    print(f"응답 내용: {data_res.text[:500]}")
diff --git a/backend/test_naver.py b/backend/test_naver.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..69c3e42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/test_naver.py
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+import requests
+from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
+
+HEADERS = {"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; autostock-batch/1.0)"}
+
+url = "https://finance.naver.com/sise/sise_market_sum.naver"
+resp = requests.get(url, params={"sosok": 0, "page": 1}, headers=HEADERS)
+print(f"상태코드: {resp.status_code}")
+
+soup = BeautifulSoup(resp.content, "html.parser", from_encoding="euc-kr")
+
+# 어떤 table 태그들이 있는지 확인
+tables = soup.find_all("table")
+print(f"\ntable 개수: {len(tables)}")
+for i, t in enumerate(tables[:5]):
+    print(f"  table[{i}] class={t.get('class')}")
+
+# type_2 테이블 직접 찾기
+t2 = soup.find("table", {"class": "type_2"})
+print(f"\ntype_2 테이블 존재: {t2 is not None}")
+
+if t2:
+    rows = t2.find_all("tr")
+    print(f"tr 개수: {len(rows)}")
+    for row in rows[:5]:
+        print(f"  row: {str(row)[:200]}")
+else:
+    # HTML 앞부분 출력
+    print("\nHTML 앞 2000자:")
+    print(resp.text[:2000])